The Trials of an American Dilettante

Wednesday, July 30, 2008

Cynics and Cynics

I was asked recently which I liked better – fiction or non-fiction. When I was young, I liked non-fiction as it had more information in it that was relevant to the real world. Today, though, fiction wins out as I have become cynical of non-fiction. I constantly question the author’s motives. What is he trying to get me to believe and why? I question the author’s perspective. Is he exaggerating to make it a good story? And I question the sources. How does he know that?

It’s not just non-fiction, though. As a cynic, I distrust the motives of so many in society and find myself deconstructing everything from news stories to advertisements. While fun for me, it is also crippling as I no longer accept any information at its face value. The analysis creates conflict where there is a seeming calm. It’s not just an innocuous Heineken ad with people passing off beers, but a calculated ad campaign where every demographic they wish to market to is represented- white male urbanites, blacks, bourgeois females, blue collars workers, cultural minorities, Hispanics…(you have to see the commercial). And nobody likes a cynic, but, alas, I don’t think there is any going back to blind acceptance.

Most recently, I saw Into the Wild, the story of Chris McCandless who goes out into the Alaskan wilderness, camps in an abandoned bus, gets trapped behind the rising level of a river and starves to death. At first I liked the movie, but later little pieces of the movie started eating away at me. Abandoned bus? He must have been fairly close to civilization. Wide river? I’ve been camping before. How many miles until the river thins out and calms down a little? One mile, two? At most it’s an hour detour. Also, how did those hunters find his dead body if there was a river blocking him? What’s really going on?

Sure enough, I found his bus coordinates online, checked Google Maps and found out that his camp was only 2 miles from the main hiking trail. Also, he was only about 25 miles from civilization. A day’s hike. More than likely, for whatever reason, McCandless didn’t want to reenter society and allowed himself to die.

The author of the book and the creator of the movie, though, hid these facts, probably to make the guy look better or push some other theme. It once again proves that the cynic is right and non-fiction is not to be trusted.

Cynicism was not always associated with a critical distrust of human motivation. The first cynics believed in rejecting wealth and power in favor of a simple, self-reliant life in agreement with nature. Antisthenes wrote “I have enough to eat till my hunger is stayed, to drink till my thirst is sated; to clothe myself as well; and out of doors not [even] Callias there, with all his riches, is more safe than I from shivering; and when I find myself indoors, what warmer shirting do I need than my bare walls?”

Somehow, over the years, questioning society’s accumulation of wealth became a questioning of society in general. The cynic became something negative. The cynic must be angry at society. Why else would the cynic isolate himself from the whole? He is bitter, untrusting and lonely. McCandless is portrayed as a modern cynic who is blinded with rage at his parents. It is this rage that leads him to reject society. In reality, though, there is little evidence that McCandless’ parents drove him to this. He may have simply been an ancient cynic who, albeit foolishly, hoped for a simple self-reliant life in nature. Or, probably, he just a depressed guy.

But that’s not such a good story.

Friday, July 18, 2008

Eyes

She caused others to sneeze, so I had to pack up my kitten and send her away. Oblivion, the kitten, had a face that would make hearts melt. After three weeks, it was hard to say to goodbye. How did she pull it off? How can an organism that caused sneezing and liked to bite and tear up the couch capture the affection of those around her?

The psychologist may say that eyes had something to do with it. Large eyes and other “cute” features have an evolutionary advantage in some environments. Cuteness evokes a nurturing response in animals that ensures the caring for children and, in turn, the species.

But it wasn’t just the size of the eyes and cuteness. Oblivion also had pretty good eye contact. Cats that sit and stare at their masters are liked more than cats that go off and do their own thing. And, with humans, people that maintain good eye contact seem to put others at ease and succeed in the professional world. Those who look away are seen as nervous, awkward and are not trusted.

It is actually fairly logical that we don’t enjoy or trust those who do not make eye contact. The eyes hold a vast number of visual cues and reveal a speaker’s verbal meaning along with his or her emotional state. Eyes reveal happiness, sadness, boredom, excitement, nervousness, anger, intrigue, sarcasm and annoyance even when lips and words say that opposite. Those that look away hide this, thus we become annoyed with them and untrusting of them.

But beyond the cuteness and communication, eyes reveal one basic thing that we usually like- attention. When something or someone is looking at us, it shows us that we are in their vision and in the thoughts. That usually makes us feel important and needed, albeit for a moment.